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代名詞 (Pronoun)

用法解釋

什麼是代詞 (pronoun)？

代詞(pronoun)是用於替換名詞(noun)或名詞短語(noun phrase)的單詞。

 

人稱代詞 Personal pronoun

	單數 Singular					複數Plural
主語代詞 Subject pronouns	I	you	he	She	It	We	You	They
賓語代詞 Object pronouns	Me	You	Him	Her	It	Us	You	Them
所有格形容詞 Possessive adjectives	My	Your	His	her	its	Our	Your	Their
所有代詞 Possessive pronouns	mine	Yours	His	Hers	-	Ours	Yours	Theirs
反身代詞 Reflexive pronouns	Myself	Yourself	Himself	Herself	Itself	Ourselves	Yourselves	Themselves

 

主語和賓語代詞 Subject and object pronouns

我們在動詞(verb)之前使用主語代詞(subject pronouns)，在動詞(verb)之後使用賓語代詞(object pronouns)

例子:

• Amy loves Ben. (Amy愛Ben) —> She loves him (她愛他)
• Ben loves Amy too.(Ben也愛Amy) —> He loves her too. (他也愛她)
• I love the children. (我愛孩子們) —> I love them. (我愛他們)
• The children love me too. (孩子們也愛我)—> They love me too. (他們也愛我)

 

所有格形容詞 Possessive adjectives

我們使用所有格形容詞 (possessive adjectives)來顯示事物屬於誰。它在名詞(noun)之前使用。

例子:

• I hurt my legs. (我腿受傷了。)
• I moved your chair. (我搬了你的椅子。)
• I borrow Amy’s pen. (我借了Amy的筆。)—> I borrow her pen. (我借了她的筆。)
• Ben builds the dog’s house. (Ben蓋那隻狗的房子。) —> Ben builds its house. (Ben蓋了牠的房子。)
• Amy takes Ben and Cherry’s books. (Amy拿了Ben和Cherry的書) —> Amy takes their books.(Amy拿了他們的書。)

 

所有代詞 Possessive pronouns

我們以所有代詞 (possessive pronouns) 取代所有格形容詞 (possessive adjectives)和名詞(noun)。

例子:

• I moved your chair. (我搬了你的椅子。) —> I moved yours. (我搬了你的。)
• I borrow Amy’s pen. (我借了Amy的筆。)—> I borrow hers. (我借了她的。)
• Amy takes Ben and Cherry’s books. (Amy拿了Ben和Cherry的書。)—> Amy takes theirs. (Amy拿了Ben和Cherry的。)

 

對話示例:

Q: I purse is gone. (我的錢包不見了。)

A: No worries, I found yours.(不用擔心，我找到了你的。)

Q: Have you seen Amy’s bag? (你看過Amy的書包嗎？)

A: Yes, the staff members have pack hers. (是的，工作人員已經收拾了她的。)

 

反身代詞 Reflexive pronouns

當主語和賓語是同一個人時，我們使用反身代詞(reflexive pronoun)。

例子:

• I live by myself. (我自己一個人住。)
• You should treat yourself better. (你應該好好對待自己。)
• The young girl can behave herself in the new school. (小女孩可以在新學校裡檢點自己。)
• My air conditioner turns off itself last night. (我的空調昨晚自動關閉了。)
• The kids can go to school by themselves. (孩子們可以自己上學。)

 

指示代詞 Demonstrative pronoun

	單數 Singular	複數 Plural
近 Near	This	These
遠 Far	That	Those

 

This, These vs That, Those

我們將This, These用於離我們較近的事物，將That, Those用於離我們較遠的事物。

例子:

• Is this drink free? (這飲料免費嗎?)
• I am holding some books. These are my books. (我拿著一些書。這些是我的書。)
• That tree on the mountain is tall. (山上的那棵樹很高。)
• Those birds are flying in the sky. (那些鳥在天上飛翔。)

 

我們也將This, These用於離我們最 近的時間，That, Those用於過去的情況。

例子:

• I am having computer lesson now. I like this course. (我正在上電腦課。我喜歡這門課程。)
• It is summer now. It is hot and humid these days. (現在是夏天。這些天又熱又濕。)
• Do you enjoy that activity yesterday? (你喜歡昨天那個活動嗎？)
• I live in Canada when I was small. I miss those childhood days. (我小的時候住在加拿大。我想念那些童年的日子。)

 

不定代詞 Indefinite pronoun

人 People	Someone	Anyone	Everyone	No one
物 Object	Something	Anything	Everything	Nothing
地 Places	Somewhere	Anywhere	Everywhere	Nowhere

 

當人，物或地不重要時，我們使用不定代詞來談論他們。

 

Some vs Any

對於正面句子，當我們要求或提供一些事，或作出某項建議時，我們使用some-。

例子:

• I want to put something on the desk. (我想在桌子上放些東西。)
• Can I have something to eat? (我可以吃點東西嗎？)
• He hide the wedding ring somewhere in the flat. (他把結婚戒指藏在公寓的某個地方。)

 

對於否定句子和大多數其他句子，我們使用any-。

例子:

• I can’t find anything in the fridge. (我在冰箱裡找不到任何東西。)
• Are there anyone in the classroom? (教室裡有人嗎？)

 

互相代詞 Reciprocal pronoun

當主題和客體不同時，我們使用each other/ one another。

例子:

• Amy and Ben appreciate each other. (艾米和本互相欣賞。)
• We will be seeing each other next week. (我們下週見。)
• They are holding hands with one another. (他們彼此手。)